Oil heater



M. HORNS OIL HEATER Dec. 19, 1939.

Filed May 20, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 M. HORNS OIL HEATER Dec. 19, 1939.

Filed May 20, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mun-n n\\\\\\ v IIIIIIIIIIIII oooonnooon Patented Dec. 19, 1939 l a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OIL WATER Martin Hoi'iiis, Chicago, 11].

Application May 20, 1938, Serial No. 209,025

.7 Claims. (Cl. 158-91) This invention relates to a new and useful im- Fig. 7 is a transversal cross-sectional view on provement in oil heaters in the form of a simple the line 1-1 of Figure 6. attachment or accessory which can be easily Fig. 8 is a transversal cross-sectional view on installed in a standard oil heater increasing its the line 8-8 of Figure 6.

6 efliciency, and practically eliminating all smoke In the drawings at Figure 1 is illustrated a 6 created during oxidation or combustion of the pot type oil burner generally designated by fuel oil consumed, and has for its primary object he num al 0. that p rti n f it whi s d srendering such oil heaters practically smokeless.- Rated s the P and numbered H s Where the Another object of the invention is the provioxidation or combustion of the fuel oil consumed 10 si0n.of a series of baflje plates which tends to takes place. It Will be noticed that this pot is 0 make the oil heater smokeless. of a circular structure and has a flange for a A still further object of the invention is to support w thin the said. oil burn r and has a provide an accessory with a series of baiile plates series of perforations p c y as shOWn and which either remain in a compact form renderdesignated at 36, i t op ow the perforations ing the oil burner operative under standard or being mo num us than t per ati s in normal conditions or can be adjusted to render h ther four r ws d si nated 38. the oil heater smokeless, said adjustment being e standard p of a standard bu has a made instantaneously by the action of the ate Plate having merely a large Opening 39 tachment or accessory which is the primary in its center but without the holes designated at .tessence of my invention. #0. My invention comprises a baflle plate desig- Another object of the invention is the provied by t e numeral 29 d suppo ed by 3 sion of a top baffle plate which has a series of studs design y 0 h vi h mi pheri y holes drilled in it and which is also arranged to shelled heads 3| in Order that heme Plate 29 vary and adjust an effective operative venting y. rest on the bOttOm 0f the D as shown- 5; aperture or oriflcethru a simple mechanical ad- Resting On top of the heme Plate 29 is the lusting means. bafile plate 28 which is similarly constructed and Another object of the invention is to provide a has secured thereto the Studs 32 having hemisimple, durable, practical, useful, and emcient pherical hea These studs e of a preaccessory for the purpose described and hi h determined length and fit into the baflle plate 21 is also economical to manufacture. adapted to slideby virtue of clearance holes over Other objects will appear hereinafter from the stud 32 the purpose of Whieh w hereinthe description and claims, of the combination alftel be explaineds of parts i11ustrated All of the baflle plates 21, 28 and 29 have a The invention will be comprehended by refar e ope in the center designated enerally erence to the accompanying drawings wherein y n other Words they are annular in shape- 35 like numerals will represent like parts and in The h p h two lugs at i h angles which: to its top surface designated by 34 which receive Fig. 1 represents a view of an oil heater partly a sprihgy forked member 23 the ends of Which in elevation and partly in cross-section, showare engulelly bent as at 24 to spring into p ce i ing how the respective elements comprising my .into'the holes 35 of the said lugs 34, or to enable 4o invention are attached thereto. one to remove the fork member 23 by springin 2 is a transversal cross-sectional view on her the fo k ends 24.

the line 2 2 of Figure 1, The forked member 23 has an extension 22 Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view on Which s p into a slip bushing 25 d s Secured the line 3 3 of Figure 1 thereto by set screw 2|. This bushing 25 is a Fig. 4 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional Spacer attached to member y Set sc ew." view similar to Figure 3 showing my invention and is for the purpose of aflfording vertical adin operative form or position, justment between the upper portion l8 of the Fig. 5 is an isometric view of the forked rod ism herein described and the lower p 1 arrangement which is an essential part of the tion 22 giving it a variation or extension as may mechanism comprising my invention. be found necessary when this attachment is put Fig. 6 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional on any similar type of oil burner. view showing my invention with the baflle plates To proceed with the description of the mechin fixed relationship attached to the pot of a anism it will be noticed that the rod 18 has an standard oil .heater. eye formed at its top end designated by 19 and fits on the crank member |3 having a crank extension l5 and the said eye l9 fits over a slight bead or filet in the center portion of the crank member l5 at a point i! in order to provide a smooth working action for the eye member l9 when the said crank is rotated to the position indicated by the arrow. In order that the crank impart the correct or needed motion to the baffle plate members heretofore described, the eye I!) is located in this groove I! to prevent it from moving sideways thereby avoiding distortion of motion to which the device is definitely to be confined. I

It will be noticed that opposite to this crank portion l5 on the crank member l3 there is another extension arcuate in shape designated "5 at a definite angle to the plane of the portion l5 which is for the purpose of stopping motion when the handle member i4 is turned in the direction of the arrow to the dotted position 26, when the entire assembly assumes the position generally designated by the dotted structure shown at 58 in Figure 5, and it will be noticed that the angular relationship of the portion "5 is such, that when the fork 23.. is moved to its uppermost position it is taken slightly past the dead center point thus assuring its remaining that way without dropping down unless it is desired so to do by the rotation of the manual control l4.

Referring to Figure 1, attention is also called to the dotted position of the assembly effected by virtue of the heretofore mentioned manual control l4 and it will be noticed that the two upper bafile plates referred to as 21 and 28 assume the position as indicated by the light lines shown at 59 and 60.

In this position, and it will be noticed that these positions have been calculated to be above the perforations 38 which arrangement or position has been found to give the most advantageous result.

As a further modification I have found that if I take the ordinary standard baflie plate l2 and drill therein a series of holes designated by 40 these holes being drilled around the circumference and within the internal diameter of the cavity of the pot member II, the efliciency of the burner is greatly enhanced and eliminates smoking completely making it practically smokeless.

It seems that the vents 40 aid materially the oxidation and combustion of the fuel which is used for the purpose.

By referring to Figure 6, I show a modification of my invention wherein the plates are placed in a fixed position and can either be removed completely in order to bring the stove back to its normal condition and can be replaced therein at will, in other words this is not a collapsible arrangement like the one I have provided in Figures 1 and 3.

It will be noticed there that the plates designated by 42, 43 and 44 havesmall U-shaped openings designated by 31 which are for the purpose of clearing the upper lugs designated 45, which support the top plate 42, when it is desired to place the bottom plate 44 in the lowest position in the pot. The openings 31 aline with the respective supports 45 so that the plates will clear the supports 45 and the baffle plate 44 is rotated slightly in a position which no longer permits the openings 31 to be congruent with the lugs 45 and thereby permits it to remain supported on the said lug 45, the remaining baffle plates 43 and 42 also are placed in position in the same manner as plate 44, except that they have a higher relative position in the pot cavity.

It will be noticed in Figures 6 and 8 that the baffle plate which is designated 46 at one end has a boss 48 which is threaded with a threaded portion 49 in order to accommodate the screw thread 52 of the member 53 the member 53 being smaller in diameter than the root diameter of the thread in order to fit into a hole 58 of boss 56, this boss being part of the framework of the heater Ill. The portion 53 is attached to a small knob 54 by virtue of the pin 55.

The top baffle plate 46 has resting thereupon an auxiliary baffle plate designated by 6| having a clearance hole in its center and which is perforated with a series of holes 5| on the same radius or diameter as the holes 50 are drilled in the baffle plate 46.

The baffle plate 6| as shown in Figure 8 has a series of teeth with the same type of thread and pitch to mesh with the male member 52 and the toothed portion 51 and extending in an arcuate relationship and for a distance equivalent to the travel of the screw member 52 permitting the holes 5| to register with the holes 50, in a position where they are absolutely congruent or in any other position where the two holes would overlap resulting in a restricted aperture 63 which is constricted, and provides a varied adjustment in the restriction of the vent holes 50 and 5| or if needed nullifies their function by rotating the knob portion 54 until it meets the front face of the boss member 56. A registering position of the holes 50 and 5| is obtainable when the threaded portion 52 recedes back until the shoulder of the thread strikes the inner face of the boss 56.

In Figure 4 is best illustrated the automatic collapsible arrangement I have provided in operative form and in the arrangement yielding the maximum efliciency and eliminating the smoke, soot and any other messy condition usually attributable to imperfect oxidation or combustion, of the type of fuel that is consumed in a heater of this kind.

It can be seen that my device can be easily installed in a standard type of heater affording to the heater normal operation which was originally intended, or in the improved manner, rather instantaneously placing it in either position, by virtue of the simple and practical mechanism provided. All that one has to do is operate the manual control |4, swing it to the position 26 and the heater is immediately placed in the position to operate in the most advantageous manner, or by restoring the normal position II as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 1 the heater remains unaffected and burns as the manufacturer originally intended it to work.

It seems to me from my observation and experience that the average standard type of burner did not take into-consideration the provision of suflicient means for providing the oxygen necessary for perfect combustion and my vent holes and bafiie plates structure help materially in producing this highly desirable and efficient result.

The heater under normal operation burns with a yellow flame having a black top fringe which is carbon or soot and the result of imperfect combustion, whereas with my device attached and the baffle plates in distended position, the heater burns with a bluish white flame, showing perfect combustion, and the resulting advantages of making no carbon deposit, which has to b cleaned often, and which condition if neglected further impairs the efliciency of a heater by the constriction of the draftcross-sectional area.

While I have illustrated and described preferred forms of my invention I do not wish to limit myself to the specific details of structure shown, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifications as may come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A device of the character described adapted for use with an oil burner, comprising a baflie plate structure made up of at least two bailie plates adapted to be collapsed or extended in a predetermined spaced relationship, and crank means mounted in the body of said oil burner connected to said baflie plate structure adapted to collapse or extend the said baflle plate structure in a predetermined spaced relationship.

2. A device of thecharacter described adapted for use with an oil burner, comprising an intermediate baflie plate structure made up of at least two bailie plates adapted to be collapsed or extended in a predeterminedspaced relationship, a vented top baiiie plate resting on the top of the pot of said burner, and crank means mounted in the body of said oil burner, connected to said baffle plate structure and adapted to collapse or extend the said intermediate baiile plate structure in a predetermined spaced relationship.

3. A device of the character described adapted for use with an oil burner comprising, an intermediate baflie plate structure made up of at least two baffle plates adapted to be collapsed or extended in a predetermined spaced relationship, a vented top baflie plate provided with means for adjusting the vents of the said top baiile plate, said top baflie plate resting on the top of the pot of said oil burner, and crank means mounted in the body of said oil burner adapted to collapse or extend the said intermediate baffle plate structure in a predetermined spaced relationship.

4. A device of the character described adapted for use with an oil burner, comprising, a bottom baflie plate mounted within the pot of said oil burner at a distance from the bottom thereof, an intermediate baffle plate structure made up of at least two baflie plates, relatively mounted in slidable relationship with respect to each other and adapted to be collapsed or extended in a predetermined spaced relationship, and crank means mounted in the body of said oil burner adapted to collapse or extend the said intermediate baffle plate structure thus dividing the combustion chamber of the burner into several communicating combustion compartments.

5. A device of the character described adapted 5 for use with an oil burner, comprising, a bottom baflie plate mounted within the pot of the said oil burner at a distance from the bottom thereof, an intermediate baflie plate structure made up of at least two baiile plates slidably mounted with 10 respect to each other and adapted to be collapsed or extended in a predetermined spaced relationship, a vented top bailie plate provided with means for adjusting the vents of the said top baflle plate, said top bailie plate resting on the top 15 of the pot of the said oil'burner, and crank means mounted in the body of said oil burner adapted to collapse or extend the said intermediate bailie plate structure in a predetermined spaced relationship. so

6. A device of the character described adapted for use with an oil burner, comprising, a bailie plate structure made up of at least two bailie plates, namely, an upper baflie plate and a lower baflie plate, said lower baflle plate, provided with is headed studs mounted on its top surface, said upper baflle plate provided with clearance holes to engage slidably the headed studs of said lower bailie plate, said upper bame plate also provided with ears, a bottom baiiie plate mounted within .0 the pot of said burner at a distance from the bottom thereof, crank means mounted in the body of said oil burner, and linkage means connecting the said crank means to the ears of the said upper baflle plate. I

'7. A device of the character described adapted for use with an oil burner, comprising, a baflie plate structure made up of at least two baiiie platea, namely an upper baflle plate and a lower baffle plate, said lower baffle plate provided with o headed studs mounted on its top surface, said upper bailie plate provided with clearance holes to engage slidably the headed studs of said lower baflie plate, said upper baiiie plate also provided with ears, crank means rotatably mounted in the 5 body of said oil burner having an outer extension to which a manipulating handle is attached, the said crank means provided with a bowed or armate stop portion at a slight angular relationship to the crank portion of the said crank means, so and linkage means connecting the said crank means to the ears of the said upper baflie plate.

MARTIN HORNE. 

